Vowel ‘O’ Pronunciation Rules

In the words ōld and mōst, this is an irregular pronunciation phenomenon.
The vowel o has its short vowel sound /ǒ/, mainly when it is in a stressed closed syllable, as in the word bǒx.

The vowel o has its dotted vowel /ö/, mainly when it is in its r-syllable combination or and oor, as in the words hörse. At this time, the r-syllable letter combinations or and oor are pronounced as /ör/, namely horse and door (ör).

In the second group, the vowel o is pronounced as the short vowel /ǔ/ of the vowel u. In addition to its short vowel /ǒ/, the vowel o can also produce the short vowel /ǔ/ of the vowel u, such as in the words moth·er, broth·er.

In the third group, pronounce the vowel ‘o’ as a long vowel, represented by /ōō/, as in words like “do,” “shoe,” and “prove,”. As a short vowel, represented by /ǒo/, as in words like “wolf” and “woman” (ǒo) in the middle.

In the fourth group, the vowel o can pronounce the short vowel /ǐ/ of the vowel i in a few words, such as in the plural form wom en (ǐ) of the word wom an.
In the fifth group, the vowel letter o has the universal light vowel /ə/, mainly when it is in an unstressed syllable, such as in the words cor rect (ə) and po lice. Additionally, when it occurs in the r-syllable letter combination or in words like “major” and “actor,” it can also be pronounced as /ə/. At this time, pronounce the r-syllable letter combination “or” as /ər/, as in “major” and “actor” (ər).

The following sentence includes eight pronunciations of the vowel o, namely /ō/, /ǒ/, /ö/, /ǔ/, /ōō/, /ǒo/, /ǐ/ and /ə/, please memorize this sentence:
These two new great inventions and the other achievements this woman scientist has made show that women play important roles in the field of science and technology. Play an important role in the field of technology.