Five vowels in the English alphabet

Although there are only five vowels in the English alphabet, namely a, e, i, o and u, their pronunciation in words is very complicated. This first manifests itself in the fact that each vowel has multiple pronunciations in a word. For example, the vowel a has eight pronunciations in a word, namely /ā/, /ǎ/, /ä/, /ö/, /ǒ/, /ě/, /ǐ/ and /ə/, as in the word nāme, bǎg, fäther, water (ö), was (ǒ), many (ě), en cour-age (ǐ) and about (ə). Second, each vowel can be combined with other letters to form letter combinations, and these letter combinations often have many different pronunciations. For example, the vowel letter a can be combined with other letters to form seven letter combinations, namely ai, ay, au, aw, ar, are, and air. The first vowel letter ai has at least three pronunciations in a word, That is, /ā/, /ě/ and /ə/, as in the words dāily, again (ě) and mountain (ə); the r-syllable letter combination ar has at least four pronunciations, namely /är/, /ör/, /ěr/ and /ər/, as in the words ar my (är), quar ter (ör), par ent (ěr), and cal en dar (ər).

Each vowel and its letter combination has multiple pronunciations, which is one of the difficulties in learning English words. To solve this problem, we wrote a sentence for each pronunciation rule for each vowel and vowel combination. Remember this sentence, you can remember all the different pronunciations of this letter or letter combination in the word.
Thankfully, the five vowels a, e, i, o, and u sound complicated, but they follow four rules:
First, the names of the corresponding letters can be pronounced for the five vowels, namely the long vowels /ā/, /ē/, /ǐ/, /ō/ and /ū/. This mainly has the following situations: First, when they are in stressed open syllables, such as in words